Court
Documents

Federal Court Cases

State Court Cases

Historical
Documents

State Journals
(House - Senate)

Articles, Writings,
Treatises

Legislative History
U.S. Congress Senate Library

Letter of the General of the Army of the United States
A statement of the number of white and colored voters registered in each of the States subject to the Reconstruction Acts of Congress.

Letter of Governor Bullock
"The statement of Hon. Nelson Tift to the Reconstruction Committee of Congress"

Letter of Governor Jenkins
Address of Governor Jenkins to the people of Georgia

Mark Twain's Letters
Mark Twain expresses his views on the Reconstruction Acts of 1867

Reconstruction Acts of 1867
An Opinion of the United States Attorney

Constitutional Law - 16 C.J.S. 5
A legal review on amending the United States Constitution

Congressional Globe
Debates on the 14th and 15th Amendments

Congressional Globe
Admission of Southern States and Arkansas; Reconstruction

Congressional Globe
Reconstruction; State Governments

Congressional Globe
Veto Message

Congressional Globe
Supplementary Reconstruction Bill

Congressional Globe
District of Columbia Suffrage

Congressional Record
Non Ratification of U.S. Constitution 14th Amendment

Dictionary Of American History
Reconstruction

Reconstruction Acts
A Treatise on the Reconstruction Acts of 1867

Ulysses S. Grant's First Message To Congress
As President of the United States, Ulysses S. Grant gives his first message to Congress.

Virginia Magazine
Virginia's Reconstruction Convention

Judge Lander H. Perez
(Congress Record)
Judge Lander H. Perez exposes the fraudulent practices that went into the ratification of the U.S. Constitution, 14th Amendment.

Negro Suffrage
The Record Of Negro Voters, Negro State Legislators, And Negro Members Of State Constitutional Conventions.

Civil War
and Reconstruction
in Alabama
A book excerpt on the history of the Civil War and Reconstruction Acts on the State of Alabama.

Corporate Personhood
Corporate Personhood is a legal fiction. The choice word "person" arises from the way of the 14th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution.

Address of
Governor Jenkins
Governor Jenkins speaks to the people of Georgia about the way the people were treated by Congress after the Civil War was declared to be at an end.

The Second
Bill of Rights
The United States Supreme Court interprets the U.S. Constitution, 14th Amendment as its authority to impose the first ten Amendments upon the States.

The Day Our Country
Was Stolen
Most Americans would agree that we are treated as if we are in bondage to our public servants.  When we joke about being slaves to the Government, we don't realize that we are exactly correct.

The History of
the Betrayal of
the Republic
The Congress of the United States has betrayed the People of the United States of America.  Here is a detailed history of the betrayal.  This is a must read Article.

A Treatise
This Treatise looks at the unconstitutionality of the U.S. Constitution, 14th Amendment from every angle in the unlawful procedures involved in its ratification.

Executive Document
Number 57
To the Senate a report of the Secretary of State, showing the proceeding under current resolution requesting the President of the United States to submit an additional Article to the U.S. Constitution.

Reconstruction Acts
This is a study on the Reconstruction Acts
of 1867 and why they are unconstitutional.

U.S. Congressman
Nicholson
"Fourteenth Amendment authorizes Congress to legislate upon the internal affairs of the several States"

Vital Signs
"The justification for the vast, intrusive, and coercive powers employed by the government of the United States against its citizens from affirmative action to hate-crimes legislation, from multilingualism to multiculturalism, from Waco to Ruby Ridge is the U.S. Constitution, 14th Amendment."

Miscellaneous
Documents

Web Site

SD Memory Cards
Web Site for sale on SD Memory Cards

Letters

Letters of U.S. Congressmen

Letters of Government Officials

Letters of State Legislators

Letters of Private Citizens

Law Reviews
and
Law Quarterlies

South Carolina Law Quarterly
The 14th Amendment to the Constitution of the United States and the threat that it poses to our Democratic Government.

Tulane Law Review
The Dubious Origin of the Fourteenth Amendment.

Arizona Law Review
Post-adoption ratifications moot legal and political infirmities with earlier ratifications when, as was the case with the Fourteenth, Fifteenth, and Nineteenth Amendments, one or more of the first three-fourths of the states to ratify did so in a procedurally questionable manner.

Articles, Writings,
Treatises

14th Amendment
A Legal Brief
The 14th Amendment should be held to be ineffective, invalid, null, void, and unconstitutional.

14th Amendment
Fact or Fiction
As we move through this expose, you will discover that the Civil War Amendments were not proposed nor ratified pursuant to the Constitution.

14th Amendment
Law or Contract
Are we a "Sovereign People" Creator of this government with inherent natural rights of life from God? - or are we Congressional "Created Legal Person" who receives your right to life from a government issued grant of privileges?

14th Amendment
Clarified
The casual student may at times be swayed away from the truth by the specious arguments of people who may be seen as some form of “authority.”  These “authorities” may be people such as judges, attorneys, or law school graduates.  Make no mistake – such people are not above misrepresenting the facts and conclusions.  You should be the final arbiter as to the true meaning and application of the 14th Amendment.

A Dummies Guide
To Understanding The 14th Amendment
It has long been said that what you don't know can hurt you, and no more is this true than with citizens unknowingly falling victim to faulty Fourteenth Amendment construction.

A Petition
Congress of
the United States
A Petition to the Congress of the United States to investigate and give answer to the ratification of the U.S. Constitution, 14th Amendment.

A Petition
Archivist of
the United States
A Petition to the Archivist of the United States to give answer and correct the record in regard to the ratification of the U.S. Constitution, 14th Amendment.

A Prelude to the
14th Amendment
A review of the 14th Amendment as imposed upon the people and the several States by Congress over the years.

CRS/LII
Annotated Constitution
Cornell University provides use with an overview of the historical facts on ratification of Constitutional Amendments.

Factual
Historical Evidence
Although this article does not directly address the 14th Amendment, it is a very important historical review of events of our country.

Invisible Contracts
Did you know that you may have surrendered your constitutional rights by entering into a contractual relationship with your government?

No 14th Amendment
"Can a State which is not a State and not recognized as such by Congress, perform the supreme duty of ratifying an amendment to the fundamental law?  Or does a State -- by congressional thinking -- cease to be a State for some purposes and not for others?"

Restore the Republic
This article deals with your legal status that determines whether you have unalienable rights or just corporate granted privileges.

The 14th Amendment
Not Ratified
Legal scholar Gene Healy has made a powerful argument in favor of abolishing the Fourteenth Amendment to the US Constitution. 

The Infamous
14th Amendment
Albert Burns reviews the process that went into the proposal and ratification of the U.S. Constitution, 14th Amendment.

The Two United States
and the Law
Howard Freeman explains why there are more than one "United States" and how the laws of each effect you.

U.S. Citizen
v.
State citizen
"Prior to the alleged ratification of the U.S. Constitution, 14th Amendment, there was no legal definition of a "citizen of the United States" because everyone had primary Citizenship in one of the several states of the Union."

14th Amendment
The Problem
This  memorandum of law concerns the law merchant, a part of the maritime/admiralty law of nations that have developed from customs and usages of the seas and commerce.

14th Amendment
The Solution
The purpose of this section is to inform the readers of the U.S. Constitution and its principles and protections.

Non-Ratification
U.S. Constitution,
14th Amendment
This is a transcript of U.S. Senator Money's argument for S.J. Res. 9 for sending all information to the U.S. Supreme Court bearing on the validity of the U.S. Constitution, 14th Amendment.

The 14th Amendment
Equal Protection Law
or Tool of Usurpation
U.S. Representative Rarick published in the Congressional Record of June 13, 1967 the fraud that went into the adoption of the 14th Amendment to the
U.S. Constitution.

Congressional Enforcement
of Civil Rights and
John Bingham's Theory
of Citizenship
In the Twentieth Century, Congress’ power to enact civil rights legislation, and make it privately enforceable against states and private parties, became widely recognized as one of the most important functions of the federal government.

Writings of Bill Ivy
Bill Ivy provides us with his views as to how we may restore America.

U.S. Constitution
U.S. Statutes
U.S. House and Senate Journals
Proclamations
Resolutions

U.S. Constitution

U.S. Constitution, Article V
U.S. Government Publication - An excellent overview of the purpose and intent of Article V in amending the U.S. Constitution.

U.S. Code Annotated Notes
U.S. Constitution, Article V
Annotated Notes listing Court cases involving ratification of Amendments to the United States Constitution.

U.S. Constitution
Amendment XIV
U.S. Government Publication - An overview of the purpose and intent of the Fourteenth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution.

U.S. House and Senate Journals

U.S. Congress
House and Senate Journals
Index page for the House and Senate Journals of the United States

Messages

Presidential Message
June 22, 1866
"The President sends message that he does not agree with the Congressional Resolution to Ratify the U.S. Constitution, 14th Amendment."

Presidential Message
February 6, 1867
"A resolution of the House of the 4th instant, making inquiry as to the States having ratified the amendment to the Constitution of the United States."

Presidential Message
July 9, 1867
"In answer to a resolution of the House of the 5th July, 1867, a report of the Secretary of State, containing a list of the States that have ratified the constitutional amendment proposed by Congress June 16, 1866."

Presidential Message
January 7, 1868
"A resolution of the House of the 6th instant, relative to the States ratifying the amendment to the Constitution of the United States known as the 14th article."

Reports

Senate Report No. 268
"To inquire into and report to the Senate the effect of the fourteenth amendment to the Constitution upon the Indian tribes of this country."

Resolutions

House Resolution No. 12
"Resolution of the Legislature of Oregon to withdraw its assent to the proposed fourteenth constitutional amendment."

Senate Resolution No. 2
"Resolution declaring the true principles of reconstruction; the jurisdiction of Congress over the whole subject; the illegality of existing governments in the rebel States, and the exclusion of such States; with such illegal governments, from representation in Congress, and from voting on constitutional amendments."

Senate Resolution No. 7
"this war is not prosecuted on our part in any spirit of oppression"

Senate Resolution No. 15
"Committee on the Judiciary be instructed to report a bill abrogating the unauthorized and illegal State governments."

Senate Resolution No. 56
"the so-called fifteenth amendment is an infringement upon the popular rights, and a direct falsification of the pledges to the State of Oregon by the Federal Government."

Congress Joint Resolution No. 39
"Joint Resolution to carry into effect the several Acts providing for a more efficient Government of the Rebel States."

Congress Joint Resolution No. 58
"A resolution excluding from the Electoral College Votes of the States lately in Rebellion."

Proclamations

Presidential Proclamation
No. 2 (05-08-1871)
"A Presidential Proclamation encouraging the enforcement of the U.S. Constitution, 14th Amendment."

Presidential Proclamation
No's 1 and 2
"Insurrection declared at an end in certain States of the Union."

"All citizens warned against violation neutrality laws."

Presidential Proclamation
No. 3
"Full pardon to all persons participating in the late rebellion and restoration of rights."

Presidential Proclamation
No. 4
"The insurrection in Texas declared to be at an end and that peace, order, tranquility and civil authority now exist in and throughout the whole of the United States of America."

Presidential Proclamation
No. 7
"Fourteenth amendment to the constitution ratified by North Carolina."

Presidential Proclamation
No. 8
"Fourteenth amendment to the constitution ratified by South Carolina."

Presidential Proclamation
No. 9
"Fourteenth amendment to the constitution ratified by Louisiana."

Presidential Proclamation
No. 10
"Fourteenth amendment to the constitution ratified by Alabama."

Presidential Proclamation
No. 12
"Fourteenth amendment to the constitution ratified by Georgia."

William H. Seward
Proclamation No. 11
"Fourteenth amendment to the constitution has been adopted, if, &c."

William H. Seward
Proclamation No. 13
"That said fourteenth article is hereby declared to be a part of the Constitution of the United States, and it shall be duly promulgated as such by the Secretary of State." 

United States Statutes at Large

1 USC 106b
An Act of Law to transfer the duties of issuing Proclamations of Ratifications of proposed Constitutional Amendments to the Archivist of the United States.

65 Stat. 710
An Act of Law to transfer the duties of issuing Proclamations of Ratifications of proposed Constitutional Amendments to the General Services Administration and for other purposes.

FIFTEENTH CONGRESS
Sess. 1. Ch. 80
"An Act to provide for the publication of the laws of the United States, and for other purposes."

THIRTY-NINTH
CONGRESS,
Sess. II, Ch. 28
"An Act to amend 'An Act to establish the judicial Courts of the United States'."

THIRTY-NINTH
CONGRESS,
Sess. II, Ch. 153
"An Act to provide for the more efficient government of the Rebel States."

FORTIETH CONGRESS,
Sess. I, Ch. 30
An Act supplementary to an Act entitled:
"An Act to provide for the more efficient Government of the Rebel States."

FORTIETH CONGRESS,
Sess. II, Ch. 25
"An Act to amend "An Act supplementary to 'An Act to provide for the more efficient government of the rebel States"."

FORTIETH CONGRESS,
Sess. II, Ch. 34
"An Act to amend an Act entitled "An Act to amend the Judiciary Act"."

FORTIETH CONGRESS,
Sess. II. Ch. 69
"An Act to admit the State of Arkansas to Representation in Congress."

FORTIETH CONGRESS,
Sess. II Ch. 70
"That each of the States ... shall be entitled and admitted to representation in Congress as a State in the Union when the legislature of such State shall have duly ratified the Amendment to the Constitution of the United States proposed by the Thirty-Ninth Congress."

FORTIETH CONGRESS,
Sess. II, Ch. 249
"An Act concerning the Rights of American Citizens in foreign States."
(Rights of Expatriation)

FORTY-FIRST CONGRESS,
Sess. II. Ch. 10
"An Act to admit the State of Virginia to Representation in the Congress of the United States."

FORTY-FIRST CONGRESS,
Sess. II, Ch. 19
"An Act to admit the State of Mississippi to Representation in the Congress of the United States."

FORTY-FIRST CONGRESS,
Sess. I, Ch. 30
"An Act supplementary to an Act entitled "An Act to provided for the more efficient Government of the Rebel States"."

FORTY-FIRST CONGRESS,
Sess. II, Ch. 39
"An Act to admit the State of Texas to Representation in the Congress of the United States."

FORTY-FIRST CONGRESS,
Sess. III, Ch. 62
"An Act to incorporate the District of Columbia."